Journal of Science and Knowledge Horizons

Takfir and takfirism The origins and consequences

Brahim Charafi — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The article explores the historical roots of Takfirism, a radical movement in contemporary Islam and its evolution through the decades. It examines the ideological foundations of takfirism, highlighting its rigid interpretation of religion and its use of takfir (excommunication) to justify violence against Muslims considered heretics. The analysis also covers the expansion of takfirism, from its beginnings in the jihadist movements of the 1970 and 1980 to its current influence on global terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda and Daesh. Finally.

the article explores contemporary challenges posed by takfirism, including its spread via social media and its ability to attract radicalized young followers. By understanding the origins and developments of this phenomenon, it becomes possible to develop effective strategies to counter its spread and promote a more moderate and tolerant religious discourse.

AI and the Bad Teacher Dilemma

sana bouras — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 16:42:45 +0000

As AI technology continues to advance, it is likely that we will see a shift in the traditional teacher role, with educators and AI working in tandem to create a more dynamic and effective learning environment. So, what is more irreplaceable than a teacher that is an absolute specialist in his field? This kind of revolutionary transformation is difficult to imagine. People are just not motivated to modify deeply ingrained institutions when they are comfortable. The study findings which come up from the online survey with Master 2 students and teachers at Chadli Bendjedid University suggest that teachers can use AI to improve teaching and learning without considering it as a replacement. To effectively use AI in higher education, teachers must be aware of potential hazards, establish AI literacy, and address practical challenges. Accordingly, students still admire and respect their human teachers.

Cinema addressing of Machiavellian theory between creativity and threatening social values -A case study of the movie “The Dark Knight”

Maroua Zeghdani — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 16:54:25 +0000

This research paper revolves around studying the mechanism of cinematic language dealing with Machiavellian thinking and the way in which the ideas of this theory are conveyed to the viewing audience, and then look at how the recipients deal with it to study the repercussions on societal values as well as societal security. For this purpose, The Dark Knight movie was chosen as an intentional sample, the case study as a method and the analytical observation as a research tool. Where the focus will be on the cinematic discourse of the film from a technical point of view as well as the manifestations that would establish ideas and behaviours that are hostile to values and moral standards, which may threaten mass culture and stability at the individual and collective levels

Challenges of teaching in new media in Algerian universities A field study using semi-structured interviews

Hafssa KOBIBI — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 17:01:47 +0000

The aim of our study is to identify the challenges associated with media education in new media in Algerian universities, based on the perspective of a sample of university professors, using a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews. After obtaining the results, the main challenges were identified as follows: difficulty in explaining and simplifying technical terminology for media students, difficulty in teaching modern methodologies in media studies, limited technical knowledge among media and communication students, predominance of theoretical aspects in teaching and neglect of various practical aspects

Examining the Role of National Judicial Systems and Arbitration Panels in Resolving Investment Disputes within the Framework of Algeria's Investment Law 22-18

Remaznia Remaznia — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 17:15:41 +0000

The Algerian legislature prioritized establishing trust and confidence among foreign investors by ensuring impartiality and efficiency within the dispute resolution mechanisms, whether through national courts or arbitration entities. This prompts an evaluation of the effectiveness and adequacy of these avenues in resolving investment disputes under Algeria's Investment Law 22-18. Employing a descriptive methodology, specifically an analytical approach, the study delves into this issue. Ultimately, the findings suggest that while judicial assurances remain crucial in dispute resolution for investment, the legislative efforts in Algeria extend beyond these, introducing additional guarantees aimed at fostering economic growth.

Historiography and Identity Challenges in the Globalization Epoch

Abdelhafid Moussem — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 16:19:01 +0000

This paper critically examines the vital role of historiography in upholding national identity components amidst the complexities of the globalization era. It underscores the necessity of historiography and historical knowledge in comprehending and confronting the realities and challenges posed by globalization. The study advocates for a strategic preservation of the core aspects and constants of identity through a well-developed historical epistemological approach. This approach is deemed essential for the intellectual development and resilience of future generations, equipping them to navigate the challenges presented by an age defined by digital cognition and the information revolution. The aim is to reinforce their identity, providing a bulwark against its dilution in the face of globalizing influences

Contents of health education in primary education curricula according to the basic dimensions of health education

Mouna Kharmouche , Saber Bahri — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 16:28:06 +0000

:Health education is of great importance in society because of its effects on the future lives of individuals. It represents the various efforts made through several health activities to provide the individual with the necessary information, knowledge, and facts that affect public health. Perhaps the importance that health education plays has made the process of attention It is an urgent necessity, and based on that, our study attempted to find out the contents of health education in the primary education curricula in Algeria through the dimensions of health education. Where the study was conducted at the level of the second year of primary education to the educational curriculum for the year 2018-2019, and on two books for the second year in the Arabic language. The second is related to mathematics and scientific and technological education. The data collection tool represented by the 2002 Arafat scale for the dimensions of health education was used. The study reached several results, namely the presence of health education dimensions, the cognitive dimension, the skill dimension, and the emotional dimension to different degrees in the primary education curricula in Algeria

Environmental threats and the ecological refugee fate: a search for protection in the face of a changing environment

Mouna Touahria — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 16:42:37 +0000

The study aims to highlight and understand the relationship between environmental threats and environmental refuge, based on what international reports present of global environmental challenges that have produced large numbers of environmental refugees. Which made environmental refuge one of the most important discussion topics that enforced their way on the scene on the international arena over the past few years, due to the increasing number of refugees resulting from the exposure of their abodes area to environmental threats that obliged them to migrate to safer areas; the study reached the conclusion that international law did not include any mechanism for the recognition of these refugees, creating by so the problem of their protection, exposing the threats of the states’ security, with the failure of international cooperation efforts to manage this crisis and ensure international protection for environmental refugees.

Cultural Heritage and the Tourism Industry in Algeria

Ali Boukhalkal, Mohammed Touhami — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 16:52:41 +0000

The tourism industry necessitates comprehensive planning programs and forward-looking studies to ensure the successful and effective management of tourism resources. Although Algeria is endowed with an array of natural, historical, and civilizational tourism assets, its tourism strategies continue to be hindered by deficiencies in service quality, which have yet to meet the expectations of foreign tourists in particular. From this perspective, the research paper seeks to develop a visionary and future-oriented approach to harness and capitalize on Algeria’s diverse and unique cultural heritage for the advancement of a heritage tourism industry

Mapping Altmetrics: A Bibliometric Analysis Using Scopus (2012-2024)

Samira Guechairi — Mon, 17 Jun 2024 17:00:51 +0000

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the altmetrics landscape from 2012 to 2024, aiming to explore key trends, influential contributors, and thematic concentrations in scholarly discourse. The Bibliometrix package in R made it easy to conduct a bibliometric study on altmetrics using data extracted from Scopus. This allowed for an in-depth examination of publication trends, influential authors, and thematic concentrations. VOSviewer was used to visualize bibliometric data, which gave information about co-authorship networks and thematic clustering in the altmetrics literature. The United States emerged as the foremost contributor in terms of publication frequency. Key words such as "bibliometrics," "social media," and "journal impact factor" were identified as central themes in the altmetrics discourse, reflecting the multidimensional nature of scholarly evaluation in the digital age

Mechanisms for Confronting Illegal Immigration within the Framework of Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants

Rima Mokrane — Tue, 18 Jun 2024 08:07:25 +0000

Illegal immigration, often known as unlawful or unauthorized migration, is the movement of individuals over national or regional borders without complying with established processes and regulations. This sort of migration violates the target country's legal system, which governs and limits people's admission and residency on its territory. As a result, this phenomenon presents a challenge to receiving nations, influencing immigration policy and placing strain on their legal, social, and economic systems.

This research seeks to determine the primary reasons of illegal immigration and how states parties to Protocol against Migrant Smuggling address this issue. Effective efforts to prevent and combat migrant smuggling need an international comprehensive approach that includes improved borders control, information exchange, international cooperation, legal and safe migration pathways, and countering migrant smuggling networks. All while striking a balance between protecting human rights and ensuring national security

Mutual Banking Institutions in light of Sharia Law

Aicha FARAH — Tue, 18 Jun 2024 08:14:56 +0000

Mutual banking institutions engage in a diverse array of banking activities aim to achieve economic and social development. These institutions are predicated on a cooperative principle, which fundamentally differentiates them from their commercial banking counterparts. Such a cooperative ethos closely aligns mutual banks with Islamic financial institutions. Nonetheless, their failure to incorporate Sharia as the foundational basis for their transactions, coupled with the absence of Sharia supervisory board compliance, categorically excludes them from the Islamic financial sector.

Regulations governing the power of the administration in the selection of the contracting party: An analytical study under Presidential Decree 15/247 and Law 23/12

sihem Chaguetmi — Tue, 18 Jun 2024 08:24:46 +0000

The authority of the administration in the selection of the contracting party is not absolute, but is subject to certain rules and constraints established by the public procurement law. These rules aim to prevent the arbitrary exercise of authority by the administration, while ensuring fair competition between competing candidates for public contracts. These rules are manifested in the prescribed procedures for public procurement and the key criteria used in the selection process

The Constitutional Court in Algeria- Critical Analytical Study-

Ibtissem BOULAGOUAS — Tue, 18 Jun 2024 08:30:55 +0000

The constitutional amendment of 2020 brought about many reforms, primarily the establishment of the Constitutional Court as an independent constitutional institution responsible for ensuring the respect of the constitutional document. The Constitutional Court replaced the Constitutional Council, which was established by the previous Algerian constitutions starting from that of 1963 to that of 2016, except for the constitution of 1976 which did not provide for the establishment of an institution to guarantee the supremacy of the constitutional document. This study evaluates the constitutional reforms that affected the constitutional body responsible for control over the constitutionality of laws, regarding their form and competency.

The history of Mnjanah clock in the Islamic Magreb during the Middel Ages

Bakir Bouaroua — Tue, 18 Jun 2024 08:38:17 +0000

The research is concerned with dealing with the history of the calendar and time calculation in the Islamic Maghreb, through the use of the Mnjanah instrument. The research begins by studying quick glimpses of the tools of ancient civilizations, and how they were transferred to the Greater Islamic Maghreb, then we study the most important names of the machines through various sources and references, and we discuss the Eastern and Maghriban machines, and the way they work, as their driving energy varies from one clock machine to another, as some of them move through water or air or that move through sand and even through mercury. From there, we discuss the Andalusian Mnjanahs, their most prominent types, and their most important and famous makers, and then we move on to the temporal Mnjanahs of the far Maghreb in the Zayani and Hafsid eras.

The impact of the digital military revolution on modern warfare: Russia's war on Ukraine as a model

Ayoub Dehegani , Maizi Lynda Maizi — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 08:01:44 +0000

The digital revolution in military affairs has caused repercussions within the military sector and strategic thinking by moving from the traditional concept of Clausewitz, which is based on the rule of combat and confrontation in the physical field, to the concept of Sun Tzu, which focuses on the knowledge base and reducing dependence on the human element and combat in the cyber field. The progress in technological means and information systems has changed the form of confrontation and led to the emergence of new forms of war. The Russian-Ukrainian war is a clear example of this transformation. The study found that the war has changed not in its nature but in the way it is fought, through Using the contents of the digital revolution in the operational field has enabled Russia to adapt to the situation on the ground. However, it still faces challenges at strategic level of the war.

The impact of the first crusade (488-492A.H/1095-1099A.D) on shaping the image of Islam and Muslims in the European West during the middel ages

AISSA DAIFFALLAH — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 08:08:51 +0000

This study aims to highlight the impact of the first crusade(488-492A.H/1095-1099A.D) expedition on shaping the image of Islam and Muslims in Western Europe during the Middle Ages .

Through what the Western European Crusaders' early contemporary historians have written and accompanying its events during that period of time Those who created a comprehensive and wide image of Islam and Muslims, whose writings on the events and of the First Crusade expedion came as eyewitnesses, provided accurate details that contributed to the image of Islam and Muslims during that period And this damaged image made was spread widely in Europe during that time to embed in their heads for coming decades.

Thus, this conducted study thrives to notice the difference if found, of how western Europe saw Islam Muslims before and after this first crusade took place

Contributions of Cultural Journalism in Algeria and its Role in Shaping Intellectual and Cultural Identity

Halima Aiche — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 08:16:42 +0000

Journalism is considered a fundamental tool in disseminating culture, shaping intellectual eliteand reinforcing them through the presentation of news, information, and ideas in the fields of literature, arts, and sciences. It also plays a role in preserving and developing heritage. This role was prominent in Algerian journalism before independence, as it protected Algerian culture and intellectuals, promoted awareness, strengthened the sense of belonging, and fought various forms of cultural distortion. Many national titles emerged, such as the journalism of the Association of Muslim Ulema (Scholars)and reformist journalism. After independence, with the emergence of political and media pluralism and openness, the cultural role of newspapers did not change significantly but was confined to cultural pages and literary supplements of many public and private newspapers. This was aimed at presenting Algerian cultural heritage, preserving it, and supporting Algerian writers and intellectuals to strengthen Algerian cultural movements and thus build an authentic, solid, and strong Algerian cultural identity. Despite the financial, intellectual, and racial challenges, Algerian newspapers still play a decisive and strategic role in the process of cultural change and highlighting the cultural and intellectual structures existing in Algerian society. Based on the above, we aim to answer the following questions in our paper:

How did cultural journalism contribute to preserving Algerian intellectual and cultural identity?
What is the current status of cultural journalism in Algeria after independence?
What are the challenges faced by national journalism in supporting Algerian culture after independence?

Mental Health and Its Relationship to Quality of Life among a Sample of Middle School Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

djamal. .fattam — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The current study aims to identify the nature of the relationship between mental health and quality of life among a sample of middle school teachers in Laghouat, Algeria, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted on a sample of 80 male and female teachers, and a questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. The scales used in the study included the mental health and quality-of-life scales, which were appropriate for the study's topic. The appropriate descriptive method was adopted based on the nature and objectives of the study. After data collection and statistical analysis, the following results were obtained:

There is a strong positive relationship between mental health and quality of life among the study sample.
There are no statistically significant differences between genders in mental health among the study sample.
There are no statistically significant differences between genders in the quality of life among the study sample.
There are no statistically significant differences in mental health among the study sample attributed to professional experience.

There are no statistically significant differences in the quality of life among the study sample attributed to professional experience

The Reason behind the Weakness of the Communication Process between Teachers and Students in E-Learning in Algeria

Mustapha Arihir — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 08:32:08 +0000

Our paper is heading towards an unexplored area in Algeria. It is the technical method of courses; our hypothesis was that the courses may not meet the standards of e-learning, which weakens the communication process. Given that the course in e-learning is a design, this design is the least necessary to establish this process of communication. Indeed, after the examination of open courses and after applying the basic criteria that must be available in e-learning courses, i.e., the three systems: the entry system, the learning system, and the evaluation system—which are recommended by the ministry of higher education and what the platform of Moodle supports for “dynamic learning” to increase communication—we note that the sample courses are far from the standards of the three systems, with some differences in the results of the three systems: For the entry system, the majority of courses do not have an entry system; concerning the learning system, the majority of courses have it but remain very low; as for the evaluation system, the overwhelming majority do not have an evaluation system

The repetition of the letters Sad and Qaf in surahs Sad and Qaf

Aicha Djemai , Ouhiba Boucherit — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 16:26:38 +0000

The article titled : (the repetition of the letters Sad and Qaf in surahs Sad and Qaf) aims to demonstrate the frequency of two linguistic sounds , which are ( Sad) and (Qaf),in surah Sad and surah Qaf, If a surah is named with a letter or opened in it, its most words will contain that letter, It is an idea that Al-Zarkachi , the author of the Proof in the sciences of the Quran book quoted in his book, we have applied it on two surahs, and we relied on a set of phonology books, which was useful in identifying the linguistic sounds output ( Sad and Qaf ) , defining their particular and their common features ,also the differences between the two sounds , we have searched for the reason why were the surahs named with Arabic letters , we relied on Quran interpretation books ,So we selected some of the letters that some surahs were opened in and we classified them , we defined the Surah Sad and the Surah Qaf , we concluded with counting the words containing the letter Sad , and the words containing the letter Qaf in a statistical table , we adopted the statistical approach to count the repetition of words in the two surahs , and finally we came up with a set of conclusions.

The role of the UN Security Council in protecting the natural environment

Mohamed Djelloul ZAADI — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The UN Security Council represents one of the most important organs dedicated to maintaining international peace and security, which has been put to the test in recent years due to the multiplication of sources of threats to human safety so that the latter has not become limited to those in which people have a hand, as is the case with armed conflicts, but rather It also extends to include natural disasters that affect the world in various parts of the world. On this basis, members of the international community cannot ignore the risks posed by the natural environment, as it is a new source of risks that may affect the safety of individuals.

This study aims to explore the various possibilities through which it is possible to raise the competence of the UN Security Council to respond to urgent cases that affect the safety of individuals as a result of natural disasters that affect the world in its various forms.

University Students' Preferences in Seeking Help from Others for Their Personal Issues

Keltoum Keltoum GADJA — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 16:42:33 +0000

This study aimed to identify the preferences of university students in seeking help from others to solve their personal problems, utilizing a sample of 128 students from the University of Chlef, Algeria. The researcher employed a descriptive analytical approach, along with the calculation of percentages to address the study's two main questions. The findings revealed that students face a variety of issues, ranked as follows: psychological, emotional, social, economic, familial, academic, health, religious, and sexual. It was also found that students primarily prefer to seek help for their problems from their peers, followed by their families. Some students do not disclose their problems to anyone, while others seek assistance from psychological counselors. A very small fraction of the sample seeks help from their relatives. The study recommends raising students' awareness of the importance of pedagogical accompaniment and the role of psychological centers available at every university, encouraging them to seek help for their problems from professionals

Simulation of the Algerian Novel to Global Texts: An Intertextual Approach to the Novel "Ha and the Journeys of Ishtar" by Ezzedine Jalawji

Asma Mesloub, Nadji Hadjersi — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 16:51:56 +0000

In this study, we aim to explore the critical theoretical and conceptual aspects associated with the term "intertextuality," a modern literary technique that enables authors to achieve prominence in global literature. It is widely acknowledged that every literary or artistic work is rooted in and derives from preceding texts, forming intertextual relationships and connections.

We have selected " Ha and the Journeys of Ishtar" by Algerian writer Ezzedine Jalawji as our primary text, noted for its rich intertextuality encompassing religious, literary, historical, and heritage dimensions, and its integration of various literary genres within the novelistic form. This technique is prominently displayed in his contemporary Algerian narratives, which oscillate between traditional roots and modern experimental forms. Our research attempts to trace and explore its characteristics, interpret its meanings, decode its symbols, highlight its aesthetic elements, and examine its multifaceted functions in these novels. Key questions we seek to address include:

To what extent has Ezzedine Jalawji utilized the technique of intertextuality in his works?
How has he employed this technique to achieve genre openness and ascend in the realm of narrative experimentation on a global scale?
Has Ezzedine Jalawji successfully achieved global recognition through this technique?
Do the subtitles serve the narrative content's theme, or is it vice versa, or are both merely experimental? Our research paper endeavors to answer these questions.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Inaugural Speech of Trump and its Perception by the American Society

Adnane Yousfi, Noreddine Mouhadjer — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article provides an analysis of Donald Trump's inauguration speech in 2017, employing an approach of critical discourse. Applying Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a theoretical foundation, this analysis investigates the linguistic features, discourse strategies, and thematic elements manifested in the given speech. The article posits that the speech delivered by Trump served as a potent instrument for attacking the entirety of the political establishment within the United States. This exemplifies the various methods by which language can be employed to sway and exert influence over the general populace, as well as to contest prevailing power dynamics. The analysis further emphasizes the need to employ critical discourse analysis as a means of comprehending the manners in which language is employed to influence power dynamics and social change.

Indicators of PUBG addiction among teenagers

Wahiba GUIRAA HATEM — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 07:47:30 +0000

In this article, we look at video game addiction in adolescents through research we carried out in two secondary schools, where we selected 06 cases from among the adolescents who said they spent a lot of time in front of their phone screens playing video games, particularly PUBG.

To test our hypotheses, we used a semi-structured interview and the IGD questionnaire specific to video game addiction. The aim of our research was to identify the physical, cognitive, emotional and behavioral indicators of PUBG addiction.

The results show that these indicators are present in most of these adolescents, but to varying degrees, and that playing PUBG affects them physically (fatigue, body aches and sleep disorders), emotionally (stress, frustration), cognitively (lack of concentration and lower school results) and behaviorally (violence and aggression).

The Negative Impact of Deepfake Technology on the Reputation of Prominent Figures on Social Media Platforms: An Analytical Study on a Sample of Fabricated Videos

djamila kadem, kafia mohamed eltaib Lassouane — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 08:00:04 +0000

This research paper explores the detrimental impact of deepfake technology on the reputation of prominent figures on social media platforms. The rapid advancement of deepfake technology and its negative consequences on digital life necessitate a thorough investigation of this issue. The research aims to understand the influence of deepfake technology on public perception of prominent figures and develop strategies to mitigate its harmful effects.

The methodology involves analyzing manipulated videos to identify indicators of deepfake manipulation. The findings demonstrate the significant impact of deepfake videos on individuals' reputations, both personally and professionally. The research emphasizes the urgent need to enhance digital literacy among users and implement mechanisms to combat deepfake technology.

It underscores the importance of adopting robust digital security policies and intensifying scrutiny of suspicious content on social media platforms. The study concludes by highlighting the escalating digital challenges and the necessity for proactive measures to protect the reputations of individuals targeted by deepfake technology.

Judicial jurisdiction in crimes endangering national security between military courts and ordinary courts

Nadia Tahanout — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 08:07:43 +0000

Military justice is specialized in examining all military crimes as defined by its laws, including those affecting national security, in addition to offenses stipulated by criminal law committed by civilians. This study aims to delineate the jurisdiction of military courts within the framework of these serious crimes, especially after the Algerian legislature changed its stance and amended the military judiciary law under law 18-14, revoking the third paragraph of article 25, which expanded the jurisdiction of military courts in trying civilians committing crimes endangering national security. Post-amendment, this jurisdiction is now within the purview of regular criminal courts, affirming the litigants' right to a fair trial

Medical tourism as a mechanism to activate substainble development

Aida MEGUELLATI — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 08:15:43 +0000

Tourism is a dynamic activity with mutual and effective influence, which includes all activities in the country inside and outside. It has importance that is reflected on all levels, including the economic, social, cultural and political levels of society, where tourism represents a major leader of development, including local, national and foreign, despite the divergence of economic opinions. However, the scientific evidence and the experiences of countries indicate a significant increase in the role of tourism, especially in development issues in its broad sense. So, medical tourism has become a significant aspect of tourism in various ways, enriching the experiences of both individuals and groups. Their abilities and their energies are renewed, as the latter has a mixture between entertainment and health treatment, specialized centers provide, through hospital centers such as treatment centers for febrile treatment, and usually the adjective combines both

Exploiting endowment properties to activate halal tourism in Algeria

Slimane chelbak — Thu, 20 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research paper aims to study the possibility of investing endowment properties in activating halal tourism in Algeria, especially in light of the trend of many countries towards this type of tourism, which has proven its effectiveness in generating important resources for the countries that adopt it, whether by attracting hard currency or even its contribution to revitalizing the country’s economic development, and also by investing in endowment properties, noting that Algeria has recently sought to exploit them by introducing legislative texts that protect these properties and specify the conditions and manner of investing in them, which allows these properties to be invested in the halal tourism sector.
The study concluded that Algeria possesses a huge wealth of unexploited endowment properties, which can be exploited and invested in the halal tourism sector, especially since the latter follows Islamic religious principles.

Artificial Intelligence and the Challenge of Protecting Personal Data in Light of European Directive EC/9/96 on the Legal Protection of Databases

Hadja Ouafi — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The reliance on the current international, regional, and national legislative frameworks, including their criminal aspects and their applications aimed at protecting personal data, despite considerable efforts The existing international, regional, and national legislative frameworks, including their criminal provisions, are currently inadequate for protecting personal data despite significant efforts at various doctrinal and judicial levels. The presumption that existing protections are sufficient without acknowledging the rapid advancements in science and technology calls for new regulations that are in tune with sophisticated artificial intelligence systems, thereby ensuring robust and effective legal safeguards against emerging crime forms that jeopardize personal and private data.

Therefore, it is crucial not to merely extend existing legal frameworks, which were primarily designed for an earlier era, to address new challenges posed by technological advancements that have significantly widened the scope and flow of data. We must adopt a fresh approach that is tailored to meet the challenges posed by artificial intelligence systems and the diminishing influence of state sovereignty in this area.

The intrusion and manipulation of an individual's right to confidentiality and exclusive control over their information are more extensive than anticipated. Hence, it is imperative to thoroughly investigate how artificial intelligence and its applications infringe upon these rights. The assumption that current legislation, particularly in terms of criminal protection, provides adequate safeguards is increasingly questionable for several reasons:

International legislation, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, tends to treat the protection of personal data as a cursory reference, characterized by general rules and provisions that lack binding legal force or mandatory obligations, and thus fail to offer the requisite protection.
A review of the current legislative system underscores a trend towards harmonizing laws to enhance effectiveness and applicability. This is particularly evident in regional initiatives within Europe, such as the European Directive, which is explicitly designed to adapt to technological progress and provide suitable protection for personal data in a collective and unified manner.

Artificial intelligence’s Impact on Higher Education Quality

Chekirine Dilmi, Zoubida Sakri — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 11:02:14 +0000

The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education is significant, with potential to transform various aspects of the educational experience. AI applications can assist in administrative tasks, such as simplifying processes, interpreting data, and predicting student success, as well as provide personalized teaching and learning experiences through virtual tours, virtual teaching assistants, and individualized learning plans. AI can also support research by sorting through large datasets, building models, and recommending relevant articles, enabling better-informed decisions in lesson assessment and professional development.

Architecture in Southern Algeria: A Study on the Factors and Causes of its Collapse and the ways of its Preservation: Ksar Melouka “Melouka Palace” as a Model

M'hammed Mansouri — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 11:07:16 +0000

Desert palaces are among the most important archaeological and civilization landmarks found in the Algerian desert. They serve as significant evidence of architectural presence and human connection to this region, given the harsh living conditions imposed by its natural environment. Despite the challenges, the desert dwellers managed to tame and overcome them, building palaces and buildings that resisted various forms of decay and collapse. Therefore, it is imperative to maintain, preserve, and restore these structures to serve as a link between ancestors and future generations, as well as to utilize them in the development of desert tourism. The importance of the study lies in: Giving value to the historical and archaeological heritage to preserve the memory of the region's inhabitants, by providing the necessary protection

for the palaces, which is manifested in regular and continuous monitoring.

To achieve the objectives of the study, we relied on observation and field work.

The theme of emigration and the engagement of memory in the novel "Brooklyn Heights" by the Egyptian novelist Miral Al-Tahawy

Farida Meguellati — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 11:13:40 +0000

This study aims to explore theme of emigration and reminiscence in contemporary novels, striving to transcend conventional literary norms. Through a narrative approach emphasizing diversity and complexity, it diverges from linear storytelling by utilizing memory as the primary analytical tool. Memory plays a pivotal role in reconstructing past events and probing societal dynamics, shedding light on the challenges migrants face in pursuit of better lives and freedom. These themes are exemplified in 'Brooklyn Heights'.

The novelist "Miral Al-Tahawy " demonstrates a profound understanding of the personal and identity- related obstacles encountered by migrants in her literary works. She highlights the discord caused by cultural assimilation, potentially threatening migrants' humanity. Novelist’s use of memory as a narrative technique is particularly noteworthy, as it explores the fragmented nature of migrant identities

Family Provisions Regarding Guardianship – A Study of Purpose-

abdellah Kadous , Mhamed Allali — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 11:20:52 +0000

This study aims to clarify the provisions of Qawwamah, and to correct its concept, which has been distorted, whether the West who wanted to harm women and ruin the family, or by people affiliated with Islam, but they understood Qawwamah incorrectly, and practiced it in the wrong way and gave a bad example. The study also aims to demonstrate the advantages of guardianship for women themselves, if it is in the right concept and application, and respects the privacy and decent jobs of each gender. The study has shown that guardianship for the benefit of women is necessary to preserve the family institution and protect it from cracks and internal conflicts. and that the Guardianship of a man is his preference over a woman in this section to ensure the good functioning of the institution, not an absolute preference for him, no is it to reduce its value; And the right is justice, not absolute equality.