Social Empowerment Journal

Indicators of Transcendent Leadership Among Educational Supervisors in the Directorate of Education in Tulkarm from Teachers' Perspectives (A Qualitative Study)

Rana shadid, Kamel Khalil Makhamra — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This qualitative study aimed to investigate the indicators of transcendent leadership among educational supervisors in the Directorate of Education in Tulkarm from the perspectives of teachers and to assess its influence on teachers' job performance and the overall educational environment. Utilizing grounded theory methodology, data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 15 teachers who had at least five years of professional experience. Thematic analysis was conducted using open, axial, and selective coding to extract key patterns and concepts. The findings revealed that transcendent leadership manifests through effective communication, emotional and professional support, and the incorporation of ethical and spiritual values such as justice and humility. The results also demonstrated a significant positive impact of transcendent leadership on teacher performance, job satisfaction, and creativity in pedagogical practices. Despite these benefits, supervisors encountered challenges related to administrative workload and limited resources. The study concludes by recommending enhanced administrative support, targeted training programs to foster transcendent leadership skills, and improvements in the educational work environment to achieve sustainable educational outcomes.

Urbanization Interactions with Climate Change: Impacts and Path forward

Nathan Udoinyang — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research examines the interaction of urbanization and climate change, emphasizing in many respects how uncontrolled urbanization compromises human welfare and environmental sustainability. Cities are major sources of local climatic events and greenhouse pollutants as they consume natural resources in their development. Based on numerous studies, this study provides a meta-analysis of patterns of urbanization and their link with climate change indicators. The discussion reveals how urbanization not only aggravates climate change but also presents unique opportunities and challenges for sustainable development. It asserts that cities have to find inventive ways to mitigate the negative environmental consequences of urbanization. Improving green infrastructure, sustainable transportation systems, and employing innovative urban design approaches are other important strategies under debate. Moreover, the study helps to establish the emerging best practices and the policy frameworks, protocols, standard operating procedures, and other resources valuable for urban planners, lawmakers, and stakeholders to promote sustainability in cities. This paper seeks to provide some workable suggestions for decision makers as well as to motivate team efforts to address the challenges urbanization poses with climate change. The report emphasized the importance of cooperative approaches to balance ecological preservation with metropolitan development. It promotes a 'life-over-growth' paradigm shift in urban planning and development to offer a sustainable future for urban people under changing temperatures. This addition by so doing builds the current body of work, discussion, and practices on sustainable urbanization which altogether is critical to create resilient cities for the next generations which can withstand and navigate the climate and environmental challenges of tomorrow.

Social representations of driving: An intercultural comparative study between Algerian and French drivers

Sara Bahloul, Gaymard Sandrine, Tiplica Teodor — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to explore the social representations of driving among Algerian and French drivers, through a comparative and intercultural approach. Grounded in the theory of social representations (Moscovici, 1961; Abric, 1994) and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions (1980), the research analyzes the influence of collectivism and individualism on the structuring of perceptions related to driving.

The study is based on a characterization questionnaire administered to two samples of drivers, and the data were analyzed using factor analyses and the central core method. Two hypotheses were tested: (H1) in Algeria, representations focus on practical aspects such as cost and the necessity of the vehicle; (H2) in France, they emphasize individual freedom and autonomy.

The results confirm significant differences: Algerians give priority to economic and safety dimensions, while the French value commitment and functionality. These findings, illuminated by the theories of Bandura (1977) and Gaymard (2014), highlight the impact of cultural context on driving behaviors.

These elements open perspectives for road safety policies tailored to the psychosocial and cultural specificities of each country.

Arabic for Effective Business Communication and Marketing Promotion: A Town and Gown Analysis in Nigeria Context

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the feasibility of studying Arabic for business communication and marketing promotion in Nigeria, particularly against the context of growing economic relations with Arabic-speaking nations. Although Arabic is one of the six working languages at the United Nations and of global strategic importance, it is still scarcely used in commercial and educational endeavors in Nigeria. The study used a descriptive survey research design and a standardized questionnaire titled Questionnaire on Arabic for Effective Business Communication and Marketing Promotion (QAEBCMP) to obtain responses from the people of schools and twon of respondents regarding their opinions, perceptions, and attitudes toward the relevance of learning Arabic for business communication. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 30 Arabic lecturers, 60 Arabic students, and 155 business operators in a three universities in Ilorin. The total population made up of 195 respondents. The questionnaire had 30 items, distributed over three parts: lecturers' views on the inclusion of Arabic for Specific Purposes such as Business Arabic in curricula and business education; students' attitudes towards studying Arabic for business and work; and attitudes of traders regarding the application of Arabic for foreign trade and marketing. The tool was face-validated by Arabic education specialists, business communication specialists, and research methodology specialists. A pilot test involving an external sample resulted in Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient being 0.78, showing excellent internal consistency. Descriptive statistics of percentage indices and frequencies were applied in the analysis of data.

The findings of the study revealed that That Arabic has commercial significant relevance beyond religious uses and that it should be taught within entrepreneurship education and university curriculum; that Arabic for Specific Purposes (ASP), specifically, Learning Arabic for Business Communication (ABC) enhances employability, entrepreneurship, and international marketing.; and that Arabic has practical value of in strategic business transaction, particularly with Arab suppliers and customers. It reduces dependence on interpreters, generates confidence, and results in improved products.

Consequently, the study recommended that Arabic Language lecturers should be professionally trained on real business materials such as contracts and adverts. Universities should also collaborate with trade associations to offer short-term courses in Arabic to traders and professionals. Government institutions ought to sponsor Arabic-economic empowerment initiatives, especially for trade with the Middle East and North Africa. There should be the creation of business-oriented Arabic study materials textbooks, audiovisuals, and case studies. Simple Arabic Education should also be promoted in the merchants to reduce the employment of interpreters and enhance confidence in business. Lastly, Nigerian trade ministries and missions in Arabic countries should ensure language training programs by making available the latest terminologies and information on culture. Implementation of these recommendations will align Arabic instruction with demand in the market place, enhancing language skills and business success.

The role of social networks in the virtual political mobilization of citizens to form an effective cyber public opinion in building decisions

Feyrouz Meziani, Fatima Hamouta — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the role of social media in promoting virtual political mobilization among citizens, and how it contributes to shaping cyber public opinion that can be effective in the political decision-making process. Using a descriptive analytical approach, it highlights the mechanisms used by these networks to stimulate political participation and raise political awareness among individuals. It also highlights the most prominent challenges facing the effectiveness of this cyber public opinion. The study concludes that social media represents an alternative space for political dialogue and popular participation, contributing to the creation of collective political awareness, particularly among young people.

The impact of integrating digital marketing into international marketing strategies " A systematic theoretical review"

Hamdan Nasser Hezam Altumairah — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to analyze the impact of integrating digital marketing into international marketing strategies, identifying the factors that contribute to its success and the challenges facing companies in global markets. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach using the systematic review method by analyzing (26) Arab and foreign studies, and the results showed that 85% of the studies confirmed the integration of digital marketing with international marketing strategies provides companies with a competitive advantage, provided that cultural and technical challenges are taken into account to achieve success in diverse markets.

The results of the study found that the integration between digital marketing and international marketing strategies provides companies with a competitive advantage, provided that cultural and technical challenges are taken into account to achieve success in diverse markets. The results also showed that 85% of studies confirmed that digital marketing enhances the efficiency of international marketing strategies, where social media is the most effective in reaching a global audience by 77%, and 54% of studies indicated the importance of artificial intelligence in personalizing content and analyzing data to improve targeting..

Despite the benefits, companies face several challenges, most notably cultural differences (80%) and the technology gap in emerging markets (65%), which hinder the implementation of unified digital strategies. The study recommends the need to customise content according to local cultures, invest in digital infrastructure, and enhance the use of analytical tools to improve marketing performance

The Relationship Between Job Engagement and Competitive Advantage in Palestinian Public Universities/Afield Study

Sameer Suleiman Aljamal , Amani Mahmoud Ismail Issa — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to identify the relationship between job engagement and competitive advantage from the perspective of employees in Palestinian public universities. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a stratified random sample consisting of (263) individuals. The study followed the descriptive correlational approach.

The results indicated that the level of job engagement among employees in Palestinian universities was high, with the dimension of dedication and commitment ranking first, followed by vigor, and then enthusiasm. The results also showed that the level of competitive advantage was high, with academic quality ranking first, followed by responsiveness to market needs, then scientific research. Finally, the study found a statistically significant relationship between job engagement and competitive advantage. However, there was a weak relationship between dedication and commitment and competitive advantage.

The study concluded with several recommendations, the most important of which are: the necessity for Palestinian universities to adopt administrative policies that focus on enhancing employees’ enthusiasm and vigor, strengthening the relationship between universities and labor market sectors, and supporting scientific research as a primary source of excellence.

Knowledge and Creativity in the Era of Digitalization: A Crisis of Stagnation or an Opportunity for Renewal? (Artificiel Intelligence as a Model)

Fakia Azzag — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a unique technology that has become the focus of attention for many countries around the world, due to its significant impact across various fields of life. It also functions as a sociological phenomenon that exerts subtle forms of social pressure, often causing individuals to engage with it unconsciously.

One of the fields where AI has a particularly strong influence is scientific research — especially in the social and human sciences — affecting every stage of the research process, from defining the research problem, to analyzing and interpreting data, and finally to offering solutions and recommendations. Its capabilities are so advanced that AI can, in some cases, replace human effort in performing many tasks and functions — sometimes even surpassing what humans are capable of doing. This has led to a growing reliance on AI as a substitute for creative imagination.

How, then, can we as researchers ensure that this technology becomes a tool for fostering creativity, rather than a source of intellectual stagnation?

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Developing Scientific Research Skills from the Perspective of Faculty Members: Laghouat University as a Case Study

Samir Salhi, Mahmoud Tichouche, Muath Ilaiwi — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to explore the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in developing scientific research skills among Faculty Members at Laghouat University. The social Survey method was employed, and a questionnaire was used as the primary tool for data collection. The study sampleconsisted of 124 Faculty Members. The study yielded several key findings, most notably: awidespread use of AI Tools in the academicenvironment, with the majority of participants reportingreliance on academic research platforms such as Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar, as well as reference management tools like End Note and Zotero. A significant portion of the samplealsoreported using generative AI Tools—most notably Chatgpt—to support researchthinking and to answer scientific questions. The resultsfurtherindicated the effectiveness of AI technologies such as naturallanguageprocessing and machine Learning in accelerating data collection and analysisprocesses. However, some participants identified technical obstacles, including a lack of training and difficulties in understanding how to applythesetools. Concernswerealsoraised about data privacy and the potential impact of AI on researchoutcomes. The findingsshowed no statisticallysignificantdifferencesbetween male and female participants in their use of these technologies or in their academic achievement, indicating a degree of genderparity in This Domain.

Job Satisfaction in Contemporary Organizations : theoretical study

Alaa Hashim Abdullah Saleh, Basim Mohammed Yassen Alawi Al-Shukri — Mon, 30 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Job satisfaction is one of the key factors that significantly influence employee behavior, performance, and productivity within the workplace. It is a key concept in the fields of organizational psychology and business administration, as it is closely linked to several aspects that impact individuals' professional lives. In light of this importance, we established a theoretical research foundation aimed at clarifying some important aspects related to job satisfaction and its associated concepts.

The research began by presenting multiple definitions of job satisfaction, which contributed to enhancing a thorough understanding of this concept. Job satisfaction is defined as its relationship to an employee's feelings toward their work, which can be influenced by factors such as the nature of the job, working conditions, and relationships with colleagues and management. Job satisfaction is considered an indicator of an employee's compatibility with their work environment and the impact this can have on performance. By analyzing these definitions, we arrived at a comprehensive understanding of how job satisfaction affects motivation, incentives, and productivity.

The research also addressed the importance of job satisfaction in detail, as it is a key driver of personal and professional success. Satisfied employees perform more efficiently and have greater loyalty toward the organization, leading to reduced turnover rates and improved overall morale in the workplace. In addition, job satisfaction helps strengthen social relationships among employees, creating a more positive and collaborative work environment.

The research also addressed the classifications of job satisfaction, identifying its various types. Satisfaction can range from high to low, reflecting an employee's overall well-being. The research demonstrated that satisfaction can be divided into several aspects, such as satisfaction with salary, working conditions, relationships with colleagues, and opportunities for professional development. By understanding these types, management can design effective strategies to increase employee satisfaction and improve their productivity.

Furthermore, the research addressed the most important theories that attempt to explain the phenomenon of job satisfaction. Among these theories, we presented prominent theories, such as the hierarchy of needs theory, achievement theory, and expectancy theory.