دور الابتكار الأخضر في الحد من انبعاثات الكربون: تحليل قياسي لحالة الجزائر خلال الفترة ''1990–2023"

محمد  سعيدي

محمد سعيدي المدرسة العليا للاقتصاد بوهران)، (الجزائر)

Résumé

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل أثر الابتكار الأخضر على انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون في الجزائر خلال الفترة 1990–2023 باستخدام نموذج ARDL، مع إدراج متغيرات تشمل البحث والتطوير، والانفتاح التجاري، والطاقة المتجددة، والتحضر. أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة عكسية ومعنوية بين الابتكار الأخضر والانبعاثات، حيث يساهم في خفضها بنسبة 2.40% في المدى القصير و2.78% في المدى الطويل، مما يؤكد فعالية التكنولوجيا البيئية. كما تبين أن الإنفاق على البحث والتطوير يقلل الانبعاثات بشكل معنوي، ما يعكس أهمية الاستثمار في الابتكار. في المقابل، لم يظهر كل من الانفتاح التجاري والطاقة المتجددة تأثيراً معنوياً، وهو ما يرتبط بخصوصية الاقتصاد الجزائري وضعف الاعتماد على الطاقات النظيفة. أما التحضر، فقد كان تأثيره غير معنوي في المدى القصير، لكنه موجب ومعنوي في المدى الطويل، مما يدل على دوره في زيادة الانبعاثات.

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