The term discourse in the linguistic lesson
Keywords:
term, discourse, linguistic lesson, Arabs, Westerners
Abstract
The term discourse transcends its concepts between Arabs and the West, and each according to his perceptions. Scholars from linguists and grammarians have contributed to giving this term different visions. Linguistically, we try to delve into this subject based on a major problem represented in “Does the term discourse differ in terms of its concepts between Arabs and the West?” Other questions arise from this problem, the most important of which are: What is the concept of discourse among the ancient Arabs? What are its mechanisms? What is the concept presented by Western scholars? Are there similarities and differences to this term among Arabs and the West?
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Ibn Jinnī. Al-Khaṣāʾiṣ. Ed. Muḥammad ʿAlī al-Najjār. Vol. 1. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, n.d.
Ibn Manẓūr. Lisān al-ʿArab. 3rd ed. Vol. 1. Beirut: Dār Ṣādir, 1982.
Ibn Hishām. Al-Iʿrāb ʿan Qawāʿid al-Iʿrāb. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, n.d.
Ibn Yaʿīsh. Al-Mufaṣṣal fī Ṣināʿat al-Iʿrāb. Introduction by ʿAlī Abū Mulḥam. 1st ed. Beirut: Dār al-Hilāl, 1993.
Al-Jurjānī, ʿAbd al-Qāhir. Dalāʾil al-Iʿjāz. Ed. Muḥammad ʿAbduh. 3rd ed. Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah, 2001.
Al-Masaddī, ʿAbd al-Salām. Al-Lisāniyyāt wa-Ususuhā al-Maʿrifiyyah. 1st ed. Tunis: Al-Dār al-Tūnisiyyah lil-Nashr.
Al-Mutawakkil, Aḥmad. Bunyat al-Khiṭāb: Min al-Jumlah ilā al-Naṣṣ. Egypt: Dār al-Amān, n.d.
Al-Qurmayṭī, Muḥammad al-Ṣaghīr. Al-Ḥulal al-Dhahabiyyah ʿalā al-Tuḥfah al-Saniyyah. 1st ed. Sana'a: Dār al-Āthār, 2002.
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Al-Ṣabbān, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī. Ḥāshiyat al-Ṣabbān ʿalā Sharḥ al-Ashmūnī li-Alfiyyat Ibn Mālik. Arranged and corrected by Muṣṭafā Ḥusayn Aḥmad and Aḥmad al-Rifāʿī. Vol. 1. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr al-ʿArabī, n.d.
Al-Suyūṭī. Hamʿ al-Hawāmiʿ fī Sharḥ al-Jawāmiʿ. Ed. ʿAbd al-ʿĀl Sālim Mukarram. Vol. 1. Kuwait: Dār al-Buḥūth al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1975.
Bakhtin, Mikhail. Al-Mārksiyyah wa-Falsafat al-Lughah. Translated by Muḥammad al-Bakrī and Yumnā al-ʿĪd. Casablanca: Al-Markaz al-Thaqāfī al-ʿArabī, n.d.
Barthes, Roland. Ladhdhat al-Naṣṣ. Translated by Mundhir ʿAyyāshī. 2nd ed. Beirut: Markaz al-Inmāʾ al-Ḥaḍārī, 2002.
Barthes, Roland. “Ladhdhat al-Naṣṣ.” Translated by Muḥammad al-Rafrāfī and Muḥammad Khayr al-Biqāʿī. Majallat al-ʿArab wa-al-Fikr al-ʿĀlamī, no. 10, 1990.
Balʿīd, Ṣāliḥ. Al-Tarākīb al-Naḥwiyyah wa-Siyāqātuhā al-Mukhtalifah ʿinda al-Imām ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī. 1st ed. Algiers: Dīwān al-Maṭbūʿāt al-Jāmiʿiyyah, 1994.
Būqurrah, Nuʿmān. Al-Muṣṭalaḥ al-Lisānī al-Naṣṣī. Special issue, Proceedings of the Conference of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba.
Craswell, Edith. ʿAṣr al-Binyawiyyah: Min Lévi-Strauss ilā Foucault. Translated by Jābir ʿAṣfūr. Baghdad: Dār al-Shuʾūn al-Thaqāfiyyah al-ʿĀmmah, 1985.
Daoud, Muḥammad. Al-ʿArabiyyah wa-ʿIlm al-Lughah al-Ḥadīth. Cairo: Dār Gharīb, 2001.
Foucault, Michel. Ḥafriyyāt al-Maʿrifah. Translated by Sālim Yaqūt. 1st ed. Casablanca.
Kristeva, Julia. ʿIlm al-Naṣṣ. Translated by Farīd al-Zāhī. Casablanca, 1991.
Mūmin, Aḥmad. Al-Lisāniyyāt: al-Nashʾah wa-al-Taṭawwur. 2nd ed. Algiers: Dīwān al-Maṭbūʿāt al-Jāmiʿiyyah, 2005.
Ṣaffār, Muḥammad. “Taḥlīl al-Khiṭāb wa-Ishkāliyyat Naql al-Mafāhīm: Ruʾyah Muqtaraḥah.” Majallat al-Nahḍah, vol. 6.
Saussure, Ferdinand de. Durūs fī al-Alsuniyyah al-ʿĀmmah. Translated by Ṣāliḥ al-Qarmādī et al. Tunis: Al-Dār al-ʿArabiyyah lil-Kitāb, n.d.
Sibawayh. Al-Kitāb. Ed. ʿAbd al-Salām Muḥammad Hārūn. 3rd ed. Vol. 1. Cairo: Maktabat al-Khānjī, 1988.
Yaqṭīn, Saʿīd. Taḥlīl al-Khiṭāb al-Riwāʾī. 1st ed. Beirut: Al-Markaz al-Thaqāfī al-ʿArabī, 1989.
Yumnā al-ʿĪd. Fī al-Qawl al-Shiʿrī. Casablanca: Dār Tūbqāl, 1987.
Abrīr, Bashīr. “Min Lisāniyyāt al-Jumlah ilā ʿIlm al-Naṣṣ.” Majallat al-Tawāṣul. University of Annaba, no. 14, 2006.
Ben Ḥaddū, Rashīd. “Qirāʾah fī al-Qirāʾah.” Majallat al-Fikr al-ʿArabī al-Muʿāṣir, nos. 48–49, 1988.
Ḥalīm, Rashīd. “Ḥudūd al-Naṣṣ wa-al-Khiṭāb bayna al-Wuḍūḥ wa-al-Iḍṭirāb.” Majallat al-Athar, no. 6. University of Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla, 2007.
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