A case study on deterioration assessment and rehabilitation of fire damaged reinforced concrete structure
Abstract
Fire is one of the most severe hazards that building structures may experience during their lifetime. A fire spread to the whole structure can cause unexpected damages to the structural elements. Mainly, the building type is crucially important for the type and the level of damage to the building because of the fire. Post fire investigation of damaged structure is required to determine the extent of damage to concrete elements and to work out system of effective repair/rehabilitation measures to maintain the structural integrity of fire effected structural components. The paper covers in brief the strength and durability study on fire damaged building in Delhi, India. The study reports the extent of fire damage. Optical Microscopy (OM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Deferential Thermal Analysis (DTA) studies were carried out on the sample concrete cores extracted from different identified portions of the fire exposed concrete are highlighted in this paper. Extent of damage occurred in the Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) i.e. RCC columns/beams/slabs are described based on the detailed evaluation by various Non-Destructive Evaluation Techniques covering Cover study & Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) testing. Repair and remedial measures required for restoration and strengthening of the fire affected RCC columns/beams/slabs using indigenously available repair materials and techniques are also highlighted in this paper.
References
ACI (1986). Guide for the Use of Polymer in Concrete. Committee 548. Joumal of the American Concrete Institute, 83(5), 798-829.
ACI (1997). Standard method for determining fire resistance of concrete and masonry construction assemblies. Detroit, American Concrete Institute Committee.
Ali, F., Nadjai, A., Silcock, G., & Abu-Tair, A. (2004). Outcomes of a major research on fire resistance of concrete columns. Fire safety journal, 39(6), 433-445.
ASTM C1059 (2013) Standard Specification for Latex Agents for Bonding Fresh To Hardened Concrete.
Bailey, C. (2002). Holistic behaviour of concrete buildings in fire. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 152(3), 199-212.
Buchanan, A. H., & Abu, A. K. (2017). Structural design for fire safety. John Wiley & Sons.
Capote, J. A., Alvear, D., Lázaro, M., Espina, P., Fletcher, I. A., Welch, S., & Torero, J. L. (2006). Analysis of thermal fields generated by natural fires on the structural elements of tall buildings, Proceedings, Int. Cong. Fire Safety in Tall Buildings, Santander, Spain, pp. 93-109.
CEN (2003). Design of concrete structures—Part 1-2: General rules—Structural fire design. European Committee for Standardization, EN 1992 Eurocode 2.
Chan, Y. N., Peng, G. F., & Anson, M. (1999). Residual strength and pore structure of high-strength concrete and normal strength concrete after exposure to high temperatures. Cement and concrete composites, 21(1), 23-27.
FIB(2008). Fire design of concrete structures - structural behaviour and assessment, The International Federation for Structural Concrete, State-of-art report, Bulletin No. 46.
Fletcher, I. A., Welch, S., Torero, J. L., Carvel, R. O., & Usmani, A. (2007). Behaviour of concrete structures in fire. Thermal science, 11(2), 37-52.
Georgali, B., & Tsakiridis, P. E. (2005). Microstructure of fire-damaged concrete. A case study. Cement and Concrete composites, 27(2), 255-259.
Hertz, K. D. (2004). Reinforcement data for fire safety design. Magazine of Concrete Research, 56(8), 453-459.
Hertz, K. D. (2005). Concrete strength for fire safety design. Magazine of concrete research, 57(8), 445-453.
Hertz, K. D., & Sørensen, L. S. (2005). Test method for spalling of fire exposed concrete. Fire safety journal, 40(5), 466-476.
Ingham, J. P. (2007). Assessment of fire-damaged concrete and masonry structures: the application of petrography. Proceedings of the 11th Euroseminar on Microscopy Applied to Building Materials, 1-16.
IS: 13311 (1992). Non Destructive Testing of Concrete – Methods of Test, Part – I Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity
IS: 456 (2000). Indian Standard for Plain and Reinforced Concrete – Code of Practice
IS: 516 (1959). Methods of tests for strength of concrete
ISO (1975). Fire Resistance Tests. Elements of Building Construction, ISO 834, International Organization for Standardization. Geneva,
Pathak, R. P., Munzni, B. K., Sharma, P., Mahure, N. V., Vyas, S., & Ratnam, M. (2013). Estimation of Fire Damage to Concrete Structure: A Case Study. International Journal of Engineering, 2(4), 130-136.
Sangluaia, C., Haridharan, M. K., Natarajan, C., & Rajaraman, A. (2013). Behaviour of reinforced concrete slab subjected to fire. Int. J. Comput. Eng. Res, 3(1), 195-206.
Schneider, U. (1988). Concrete at high temperatures—a general review. Fire safety journal, 13(1), 55-68.
Stawiski, B. (2005). The Use of Nondestructive Methods in Postfire Diagnostics. KKBN, Zakopane, 23-28.
Usmani, A. S., Rotter, J. M., Lamont, S., Sanad, A. M., & Gillie, M. (2001). Fundamental principles of structural behaviour under thermal effects. Fire safety journal, 36(8), 721-744.
Yehia, S., & Kashwani, G. (2013). Performance of Structures Exposed to Extreme High Temperature—An Overview, Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 3(3), 154-161
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Building Materials and Structures
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
