LES COMPLICATIONS DE LA MALADIE DE CROHN CONDUITE DIAGNOSTIQUE ET THERAPEUTIQUE EN URGENCE
COMPLICATIONS OF CROHN’S DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC CONDUCT IN EMERGENCY
Abstract
La maladie de Crohn (MC) est une maladie inflammatoire transmurale du tube digestif d’évolution chronique, d’étiologie probablement multifactorielle. Elle touche l’adulte jeune entre 30 et 40 ans. La localisation la plus fréquente est le grêle distale avec des formes grêliques pures dans 30 à 40% et des formes grêlo-coliques dans 20 à 30%, la maladie de Crohn se traduit par des douleurs abdominales et des diarrhées qui peuvent persister plusieurs semaines. L’iléo-coloscopie avec biopsies est primordiale pour confirmer son diagnostic. Le traitement doit toujours être médical en dehors des situations d’urgences qui peuvent imposer des gestes chirurgicaux : drainage d’abcès, traitement des occlusions et des péritonites, La place de la laparoscopie dans la maladie de Crohn est faisable mais les résultats dépendent de l’expérience de l’opérateur.
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic transmural inflammatory disease of the digestive tract, probably of multifactorial etiology. It affects young adults between the ages of 30 and 40. The most frequent localization is the distal hail with pure hail forms in 30 to 40% and hail-colonic forms in 20 to 30%. Crohn's disease results in abdominal pain and diarrhea which can persist for several weeks. Ileo-colonoscopy with biopsies is essential to confirm its diagnosis. The treatment must always be medical apart from emergency situations which may require surgery: abscess drainage, treatment of occlusions and peritonitis, the place of laparoscopy in Crohn's disease is feasible but the results depend on the operator’s experience.
Keywords: Crohn's disease, Complications, Ileocecal resection, Recurrence.
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