Gestational Anemia and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Study of Operated Cases at EHS Laghouat
Abstract
AbstractGestational anemia is a major public health issue, particularly in developing countries where its prevalence reaches up to 56%. In Algeria, high prevalence rates have been documented, emphasizing the importance of preventive and management strategies. Defined by hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dl, this condition varies in severity and has serious implications for maternal and fetal health.
This prospective study, conducted at the EHS Mother and Child Hospital in Laghouat on 550 operated pregnant women, reveals a high prevalence of anemia (56.4%), predominantly in the hypochromic microcytic form. The majority of cases were mild (62.6%), while severe anemia, though rare (4.2%), was associated with an increased risk of severe complications, such as blood transfusions, postpartum hemorrhage, and maternal deaths (0.54%). Adverse fetal outcomes included intrauterine growth retardation (3%), prematurity (11.5%), and five intrauterine fetal deaths (1.5%).
These findings underscore the need to strengthen early screening, regular prenatal care, and iron and folic acid supplementation as per WHO recommendations. Multidisciplinary care is crucial to reduce the incidence of this condition and its impact on maternal and fetal health.
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