Condylome acuminé péri-anal géant chez un adulte jeune : à propos d’un cas et revue narrative de la littérature
Keywords:
condylome acuminé, HPV, tumeur de Buschke–Löwenstein, région péri-anale, exérèse chirurgicale, récidive
Abstract
Contexte et objectifs : Les condylomes acuminés sont des proliférations cutanéo-muqueuses dues à l'infection par le papillomavirus humain (HPV) et constituent une infection sexuellement transmissible fréquente. Les formes géantes péri-anales posent un problème diagnostique et thérapeutique majeur, notamment en raison du retentissement local, du risque de récidive et du diagnostic différentiel avec la tumeur de Buschke–Löwenstein (lésion verruqueuse géante à comportement localement agressif) et avec les carcinomes verruqueux ou épidermoïdes. Ce travail rapporte un cas de condylome géant péri-anal et souligne l'approche diagnostique, la prise en charge chirurgicale et l'évolution clinique. Méthodes : Nous rapportons le cas d'un homme de 24 ans, immunocompétent, non vacciné contre l'HPV, sans antécédent d'infection sexuellement transmissible connue, présentant depuis deux ans une volumineuse masse péri-anale partiellement sténosante, responsable d'une gêne à la marche, de douleurs à la défécation et d'un retentissement psychologique majeur. Le bilan infectieux (sérologies VIH, VHB, VHC, TPHA-VDRL) était réalisé. La recherche d'HPV était effectuée par PCR en temps réel. Une exérèse chirurgicale complète a été réalisée sous anesthésie générale. L'examen anatomopathologique et la surveillance clinique prolongée ont été assurés. Résultats : La recherche d'HPV était positive par PCR en temps réel ; le génotypage n'a pas été réalisé en raison de l'indisponibilité technique. L'exérèse chirurgicale complète a été réalisée. L'examen anatomopathologique a conclu à un condylome acuminé (hyperplasie papillomateuse avec acanthose, hyperkératose et koïlocytose), sans foyer de transformation maligne, avec des marges chirurgicales saines. L'évolution a été favorable, sans récidive locale après 35 mois de suivi. Conclusions : L'exérèse chirurgicale complète reste le traitement de choix des condylomes géants péri-anales, assurant à la fois l'efficacité thérapeutique et la confirmation histopathologique. L'analyse histologique systématique est indispensable pour éliminer une transformation maligne et différencier la tumeur de Buschke–Löwenstein. Une surveillance clinique prolongée est justifiée compte tenu du risque de récidive et du potentiel d'évolution maligne.References
Références
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[2]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: anogenital warts. Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021 [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): CDC; 2021 [cited 2025 Dec 13]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm
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[4]. Patel H, Wagner M, Singhal P, Kothari S. Systematic review of the incidence and prevalence of genital warts. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:39. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-39.
[5]. Chu QD, Vezeridis MP, Libbey NP, Wanebo HJ. Giant condyloma acuminatum of the anorectal and perianal regions: analysis of 42 cases. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994;37(9):950-957. doi:10.1007/BF02052606.
[6]. Fanget F, Pasquer A, Djeudji F, Chabanon M, Barth X, Mallet S. Should the surgical management of Buschke-Löwenstein tumors be aggressive? Dig Surg. 2017;34(3):247-252. doi:10.1159/000452496.
[7]. Zhang D, Gonzalez RS, Feely M, Umrau K, Lee H, Allende DS, et al. Clinicopathologic features of Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: a multi-institutional analysis of 38 cases. Virchows Arch. 2020;476(4):543-550. doi:10.1007/s00428-019-02680-z.
[|8]. Ahsaini M, Tahiri Y, Tazi MF, et al. Verrucous carcinoma arising in an extended giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Löwenstein tumor): a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 2013;7:273. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-7-273.
[9]. Schlecht HP, Fugelso DK, Murphy RK, Wagner KT, Doweiko JP, Proper J, et al. Frequency of occult high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer within anal condylomata in men who have sex with men. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51(1):107-110. doi:10.1086/653426.
[10]. Blomberg M, Friis S, Munk C, Bautz A, Kjaer SK. Genital warts and risk of cancer: a Danish study of nearly 50 000 patients with genital warts. J Infect Dis. 2012;205(10):1544-1553. doi:10.1093/infdis/jis228.
[11]. Barton S, Wakefield V, O’Mahony C, Edwards SJ. Effectiveness of topical and ablative therapies in treatment of anogenital warts: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2019;9(10):e027765. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027765.
[12]. Bertolotti A, Ferdynus C, Milpied B, Dupin N, Huiart L, Derancourt C. Local management of anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020;10:249-262. doi:10.1007/s13555-020-00357-z.
[13]. Thurgar E, Barton S, Karner C, Edwards SJ. Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of anogenital warts: systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2016;20(24):1-486. doi:10.3310/hta20240.
[14]. Park IU, Introcaso C, Dunne EF. Human papillomavirus and genital warts: a review of the evidence for the 2015 CDC STD Treatment Guidelines. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61(Suppl 8):S849-S855. doi:10.1093/cid/civ813.
[15]. Schöfer H, Van Ophoven A, Henke U, Lenz T, Eul A. Randomized, comparative trial on the sustained efficacy of topical imiquimod 5% cream versus conventional ablative methods in external anogenital warts. Eur J Dermatol. 2006 ;16(6) :642-648. PMID :17229604.
[16]. Grillo-Ardila CF, Angel-Müller E, Salazar-Díaz LC, Gaitán HG, Ruiz-Parra AI, Lethaby A. Imiquimod for anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(11):CD010389. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010389.pub2.
[17]. Tatti S, Swinehart JM, Thielert C, Tawfik H, Mescheder A, Beutner KR. Sinecatechins, a defined green tea extract, in the treatment of external anogenital warts: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2008 ;111(6) :1371-1379. doi :10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181719b60.
[18]. Luchtefeld MA. Perianal condylomata acuminata. Surg Clin NorthAm.1994 ;74(6) :1327-1338. doi :10.1016/S0039-6109(16)46484-4.
[19]. Renzi A, Giordano P, Renzi G, Landolfi V, Del Genio A, Weiss EG. Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: successful treatment by surgical excision alone: a case report. Surg Innov. 2006;13(1):69-72.
[20]. Chaidemenos G, Kogia M, Souparis A, Kastoridou C, Karakatsanis G, Xenidis E, et al. Radical excision and mesh-skin grafting for giant anorectal condyloma acuminatum. Dermatol Surg. 2006 ;32(2) :324-328.
[21]. Misra A, Madzhia P, Malebana T, Muavha D, Boshomane J. Surgical management of giant condyloma acuminata involving vulva, perineum and perianal area. J Gynecol Obstet. 2024 ;12(2) :46-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20241202.15.
[22]. Garland SM, Hernandez-Avila M, Wheeler CM, Perez G, Harper DM, Leodolter S, et al. Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent anogenital diseases. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(19):1928-1943. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa061760.
[23]. Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, Moreira ED Jr, Penny ME, Aranda C, et al. Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV infection and disease in males. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(5):401-411. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0909537.
[24]. Huh WK, Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, de Andrade RP, Ault KA, et al. Final efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety analyses of a nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine in women aged 16-26 years: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2017;390(10108):2143-2159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31821-4.
[25]. Garland SM, Kjaer SK, Muñoz N, Block SL, Brown DR, DiNubile MJ, et al. Impact and effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: a systematic review of 10 years of real-world experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(4):519-527. doi:10.1093/cid/ciw354.
[26]. Bergman H, Buckley BS, Villanueva G, Petkovic J, Garritty C, Lutje V, et al. Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and the number of doses administered to prevent HPV-related disease in females and males. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;(11):CD013479. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013479.
[1]. World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus and cancer [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2024 [cited 2025 Dec 13]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-papilloma-virus-and-cancer
[2]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: anogenital warts. Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021 [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): CDC; 2021 [cited 2025 Dec 13]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm
[3]. Gilson R, Nugent D, Werner RN, Ballesteros J, Ross J. 2019 IUSTI-Europe guideline for the management of anogenital warts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(8):1644-1653. doi:10.1111/jdv.16522.
[4]. Patel H, Wagner M, Singhal P, Kothari S. Systematic review of the incidence and prevalence of genital warts. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:39. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-39.
[5]. Chu QD, Vezeridis MP, Libbey NP, Wanebo HJ. Giant condyloma acuminatum of the anorectal and perianal regions: analysis of 42 cases. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994;37(9):950-957. doi:10.1007/BF02052606.
[6]. Fanget F, Pasquer A, Djeudji F, Chabanon M, Barth X, Mallet S. Should the surgical management of Buschke-Löwenstein tumors be aggressive? Dig Surg. 2017;34(3):247-252. doi:10.1159/000452496.
[7]. Zhang D, Gonzalez RS, Feely M, Umrau K, Lee H, Allende DS, et al. Clinicopathologic features of Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: a multi-institutional analysis of 38 cases. Virchows Arch. 2020;476(4):543-550. doi:10.1007/s00428-019-02680-z.
[|8]. Ahsaini M, Tahiri Y, Tazi MF, et al. Verrucous carcinoma arising in an extended giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Löwenstein tumor): a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 2013;7:273. doi:10.1186/1752-1947-7-273.
[9]. Schlecht HP, Fugelso DK, Murphy RK, Wagner KT, Doweiko JP, Proper J, et al. Frequency of occult high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer within anal condylomata in men who have sex with men. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51(1):107-110. doi:10.1086/653426.
[10]. Blomberg M, Friis S, Munk C, Bautz A, Kjaer SK. Genital warts and risk of cancer: a Danish study of nearly 50 000 patients with genital warts. J Infect Dis. 2012;205(10):1544-1553. doi:10.1093/infdis/jis228.
[11]. Barton S, Wakefield V, O’Mahony C, Edwards SJ. Effectiveness of topical and ablative therapies in treatment of anogenital warts: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2019;9(10):e027765. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027765.
[12]. Bertolotti A, Ferdynus C, Milpied B, Dupin N, Huiart L, Derancourt C. Local management of anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020;10:249-262. doi:10.1007/s13555-020-00357-z.
[13]. Thurgar E, Barton S, Karner C, Edwards SJ. Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of anogenital warts: systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2016;20(24):1-486. doi:10.3310/hta20240.
[14]. Park IU, Introcaso C, Dunne EF. Human papillomavirus and genital warts: a review of the evidence for the 2015 CDC STD Treatment Guidelines. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61(Suppl 8):S849-S855. doi:10.1093/cid/civ813.
[15]. Schöfer H, Van Ophoven A, Henke U, Lenz T, Eul A. Randomized, comparative trial on the sustained efficacy of topical imiquimod 5% cream versus conventional ablative methods in external anogenital warts. Eur J Dermatol. 2006 ;16(6) :642-648. PMID :17229604.
[16]. Grillo-Ardila CF, Angel-Müller E, Salazar-Díaz LC, Gaitán HG, Ruiz-Parra AI, Lethaby A. Imiquimod for anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(11):CD010389. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010389.pub2.
[17]. Tatti S, Swinehart JM, Thielert C, Tawfik H, Mescheder A, Beutner KR. Sinecatechins, a defined green tea extract, in the treatment of external anogenital warts: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2008 ;111(6) :1371-1379. doi :10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181719b60.
[18]. Luchtefeld MA. Perianal condylomata acuminata. Surg Clin NorthAm.1994 ;74(6) :1327-1338. doi :10.1016/S0039-6109(16)46484-4.
[19]. Renzi A, Giordano P, Renzi G, Landolfi V, Del Genio A, Weiss EG. Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: successful treatment by surgical excision alone: a case report. Surg Innov. 2006;13(1):69-72.
[20]. Chaidemenos G, Kogia M, Souparis A, Kastoridou C, Karakatsanis G, Xenidis E, et al. Radical excision and mesh-skin grafting for giant anorectal condyloma acuminatum. Dermatol Surg. 2006 ;32(2) :324-328.
[21]. Misra A, Madzhia P, Malebana T, Muavha D, Boshomane J. Surgical management of giant condyloma acuminata involving vulva, perineum and perianal area. J Gynecol Obstet. 2024 ;12(2) :46-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jgo.20241202.15.
[22]. Garland SM, Hernandez-Avila M, Wheeler CM, Perez G, Harper DM, Leodolter S, et al. Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent anogenital diseases. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(19):1928-1943. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa061760.
[23]. Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, Moreira ED Jr, Penny ME, Aranda C, et al. Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV infection and disease in males. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(5):401-411. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0909537.
[24]. Huh WK, Joura EA, Giuliano AR, Iversen OE, de Andrade RP, Ault KA, et al. Final efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety analyses of a nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine in women aged 16-26 years: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2017;390(10108):2143-2159. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31821-4.
[25]. Garland SM, Kjaer SK, Muñoz N, Block SL, Brown DR, DiNubile MJ, et al. Impact and effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: a systematic review of 10 years of real-world experience. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(4):519-527. doi:10.1093/cid/ciw354.
[26]. Bergman H, Buckley BS, Villanueva G, Petkovic J, Garritty C, Lutje V, et al. Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and the number of doses administered to prevent HPV-related disease in females and males. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;(11):CD013479. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013479.
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2026-04-01
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case report
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