Artificial Intelligence as a Tool of Soft Power:  Legal and Ethical Dimensions

Ali     Latreche; Abdel Raouf   Karam Salam

doi:10.34118/jskp.v6i1.4548

Ali Latreche https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3536-4126
Abdel Raouf Karam Salam https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8990-5151

DOI: https://doi.org/10.34118/jskp.v6i1.4548

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Soft Power; Digital Governance; Legal Dimensions; Digital Ethics; Algorithmic Bias; Privacy

Abstract

The present contribution examines artificial intelligence as a central contemporary instrument of soft power in international politics, emphasizing its increasing capacity to shape global preferences through advanced digital technologies and algorithmic governance. It analyzes the legal frameworks regulating artificial intelligence with a specific emphasis on safeguarding core rights and civil liberties, alongside persistent ethical concerns relating to privacy, biases inherent in algorithmic systems, alongside transparency concerns in automated decision-making. Methodologically, the research relies on a descriptive–analytical framework rooted in the examination of national and international legal texts, relevant scholarly literature, and reports issued by international organizations, supplemented by comparative analysis where appropriate.

The findings demonstrate that artificial intelligence has emerged as a strategic soft power resource capable of exerting indirect influence on global public opinion and enhancing states’ international image. Nevertheless, the study identifies significant legal and ethical deficiencies, bringing to light the requirement for a carefully articulated regulatory architecture capable of guiding accountable use, while safeguarding rights and freedoms.

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