دور مؤسسات التعليم العالي في تعزيز ريادة الأعمال الخضراء: التجارب الدولية والفرص والتحديات
Résumé
تهدف هذه الورقة إلى تحليل الدور الحيوي الذي تؤديه مؤسسات التعليم العالي في تعزيز ريادة الأعمال الخضراء ودعم التحول نحو اقتصاد مستدام. اعتمدت الدراسة منهجية المراجعة المنهجية للأدبيات العلمية (Systematic Literature Review) لتوليف وتحليل أبرز البحوث المنشورة حول العلاقة بين التعليم العالي وريادة الأعمال الخضراء. توصلت النتائج إلى أن الجامعات تسهم بفعالية في بناء ثقافة ريادية مستدامة عبر التعليم الموجه نحو الاستدامة، والبحث العلمي التطبيقي، وتشكيل النظم الإيكولوجية للابتكار وريادة الأعمال الأكاديمية. كما بيّنت الدراسة أن تفاعل "ثالوث الابتكار" (الجامعة–الصناعة–الحكومة) يمثل الإطار المؤسسي الأهم لتعزيز الابتكار الأخضر، وأن التجارب الدولية في الصين، والهند، والسعودية، وأوروبا تقدم نماذج ناجحة في هذا المجال من خلال سياسات تعليمية وتمويلية محفزة. في المقابل، ما تزال تحديات التمويل، وضعف المهارات الريادية، وصعوبات تنفيذ السياسات تحدّ من فاعلية المبادرات الخضراء، مما يستدعي تعميق التكامل المؤسسي لتحقيق التحول نحو الاقتصاد الأخضر المستدام.
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